Sukhoi Superjet 100

Sukhoi Superjet 100
The Superjet 100 in flight
Role	Regional airliner
National origin	Russian Federation
Manufacturer	Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aircraft Production Association
Designed by	Sukhoi Civil Aircraft (UAC)
First flight	19 May 2008[1]
Introduction	2010
Status	In development, early production
Primary user	Aeroflot[2]
Produced	2007 – present
Number built	4
Program cost	US$1.5 billion
Unit cost	US$31.7 million

The Sukhoi Superjet 100 is a modern, fly-by-wire regional jet in the 75- to 95-seat category. The Superjet 100 will be produced by Russian aerospace firm Sukhoi's civil division, of which Finmeccanica of Italy owns 25%.^[3] The jet is being developed in collaboration with Finmeccanica subsidiary Alenia Aeronautica. The Italian design group Pininfarina will design optional interiors,^[4] and in 2007 Alenia Aeronautica and Sukhoi Holding formed SuperJet International, a joint venture (51% – Alenia Aeronautica, and 49% – Sukhoi Holding) based in Venice, responsible for marketing, sales and aircraft delivery in Europe, North and South America, Africa, Japan and Oceania as well as for worldwide logistic support for the Superjet 100.

Design

The Sukhoi Superjet 100 is designed to compete against the Embraer E-Jets and the Bombardier CRJ programs. Sukhoi claims the SSJ will have 10–15% lower operation costs than its Embraer or Bombardier counterparts for the price of $31.7 million.

The three variants were originally called the RRJ-60, RRJ-75 and RRJ-95, with the numbers designating the average passenger capacity of each type. However, with the renaming of the project to Superjet 100, the RRJ-75 was relabelled the Superjet 100–75 (or SSJ 100–75 for short), while the RRJ-95 became known as the SSJ 100–95. The smallest variant, called the SSJ 100–60, was temporarily postponed, and efforts are currently concentrating on the largest variant, with the smaller SSJ 100–75 to follow later. Longer variants, called the SSJ 100–110 and the SSJ 100–125, are also planned^[5] as well as business, VIP and cargo variants.

The PowerJet SaM146 engines are developed by PowerJet. The noise and emissions levels satisfy the existing ICAO requirements.

• Strategic partner: Alenia Aeronautica
• Risk-sharing partner: Snecma
• Consultant: Boeing
• Aircraft Main System Suppliers: Thales (avionics)^[6], Liebherr (landing gear), Messier Dowty (control systems), Intertechnique (Zodiac) (fuel system), B/E Aerospace (interior), Autronics (fire protection system), Honeywell (APU), IPECO (crew seats), Parker Hannifin (hydraulic system), Hamilton Sundstrand (electrical system), Vibro-Meter (engine vibration sensor), Sully, BF Goodrich.
• Engines: PowerJet (Snecma and Saturn)

The design meets the specific requirements of airlines in Russia, the CIS, the USA, and the EU, and conforms to the Aviation Rules AP-25, FAR-25, JAR-25 requirements, and to the ground noise level requirements under ICAO Chapter 4 and FAR 36 Section 4 standards entering into force during 2006.

Industry participation

Sukhoi Superjet 100–95 in corporate livery.

The Superjet 100 has been described as the most important and successful civil aircraft program of the Russian aerospace industry.^[7] It enjoys considerable support from the Russian Ministry of Industry and Trade, which regards it as a top priority project.^[8]

Over 30 foreign partnership companies are involved in the project. Development, manufacturing and marketing of the plane's SaM146 jet engine is being done by the PowerJet company, a joint-venture between the French Snecma and Russia's NPO Saturn. SuperJet International, a joint venture between Alenia Aeronautica and Sukhoi is responsible for marketing in Europe, the Americas, Africa, Japan and Oceania.^[7]

The assembly line for all versions of the plane is located in the facilities of Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aircraft Production Association (KnAAPO) in the Russian Far East, while Novosibirsk Aircraft Production Association (NAPO) focuses on component production. The two companies have been heavily investing in upgrading of their facilities, and are expected to produce 70 airframes by 2012.^[7]

Development history and schedule

The deliveries were first scheduled to begin in late 2008, and Sukhoi predicted that 163 units of all variations of the Superjet 100 would be delivered by the end of 2016.^[9] On July 7, 2008, Sukhoi officially confirmed that the original schedule was too optimistic, and first deliveries would begin in December, 2009.^[10][11]

On 28 January 2007, the first SSJ was transported by an Antonov 124 from Komsomolsk-on-Amur to the city of Zhukovsky near Moscow for ground tests at Zhukovsky Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute. A representative of Sukhoi Civil Aircraft announced on 13 November 2007, the completion of static tests necessary for conducting the first flight.

In the middle of February 2008, the SaM146 initial engine runs went successfully, gearing up for the maiden flight, which was conducted at the Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aircraft Production Association on 19 May 2008.^[12] The engine test followed a test on an Ilyushin Il-76, a testbed aircraft for the Gromov Flight Research Institute. It is expected to be certified and flying by November.^[13]

The jet was unveiled at its official rollout at Komsomolsk-on-Amur Dzemgi Airport on 26 September 2007.^[14] The first test flight took place on 19 May 2008 also at the Dzemgi airport.^[15] The first Superjet spent 1 hour 5 minutes in the air, and reached altitude of 1,200 meters.

July 2008, testing continued successfully.^[16]

October 2008, the first stage of Sukhoi Superjet 100’s factory-based flight testing program is successfully completed. The second SSJ100 prototype has been powered on. Certification process started.^[17]

In December 2008, the second of four SSJ100 prototypes SN95003 took to the skies.^[18] The airplane performed traditional stability and handling quality as well as systems’ checks in accordance with the first flight assignment. Flight test engineers and pilots were pleased with the overall performance of the second prototype.^[19]

As of January 2009, the first two aircraft have completed over 90 flights, totaling 300 hours, engines have accumulated around 2300 hours in flight and ground tests.^[20]

On 1 April 2009, two Superjet-100 airplanes, 95001 and 95003, successfully completed the first long-distance flight for this aircraft, covering distance of 3,000 kilometers from Novosibirsk to Moscow.^[21]

On 17 April 2009, EASA pilots have performed the first familiarization flights on two Sukhoi Superjet 100 airplanes, S/N 95001 and 95003. According to EASA pilot feedback, the aircraft was easy to fly and comfortable to the pilot.^[22]

Malev Hungarian Airlines said at Paris Air Show 2009 that it would purchase 30 Superjets worth $1 billion, providing a welcome boost to the aircraft as it made its international debut at the Paris Air Show 2009^[23].

Armenian Armavia will receive the first two aircraft, followed by Aeroflot, which has ordered a total of 30 examples with an option for 15 more. Other customers include Russia's Avialeasing company, Swiss Ama Asset Management Advisor and Indonesian Kartika Airlines.^[23]

As of June 2009, 13 aircraft are under construction with the first four to be handed over to clients by the end of 2010. After 2012, the company will build 70 Superjets per year.^[23]

On 26 July 2009, the third of four SSJ100 prototypes (SN95004) flew.^[24]

On 29 December 2009, United Aircraft Corporation head Alexei Fyodorov said that deliveries of the Superjet 100 have indefinitely been delayed because the engines are not ready.^[25] On February 4, 2010, the fourth prototype SSJ flew. Owing to delays in production of the engines, including quality problems at the NPO Saturn factory, it used the engines removed from the first prototype.^[26]

Superjet 100 97005 in 2010

On 28 May 2010, all engine tests necessary for certification are completed. The final trial was a simulation of an encounter with a flock of birds.^[27]

06 July, 2010. Deputy Industry and Trade Minister Denis Manturov, who heads the commission to monitor the implementation of the Sukhoi Superjet program, wrote to Industry and Trade Minister Viktor Khristenko about the progress of the aircraft’s certification in early June. Data from May 28 show that the certification process is getting behind schedule. Most of the problems are with the SaM146 engine, developed by PowerJet, which is a joint project between the Russian Saturn and the French Snecma. Work on its final design has been almost entirely completed and certification is more than 90 percent completed, but problems remain, notes Manturov. ^[28]

Operational history

The Superjet 100 is undergoing certification process, so no commercial orders have been fulfilled yet; China, India and Venezuela new orders are confirmed.

Orders

Date	Airline	EIS	Type
			Superjet 100–75	Superjet 100–95	Options
22 November 2005	Finance Leasing Company	2010		10
7 December 2005	Aeroflot	2010–2011		40	15
14 June 2007	ItAli Airlines	2010		10	10
14 September 2007	Armavia	2010		2	2
15 July 2008	Avia Leasing	2011–2013		24
16 July 2008	Undisclosed	2011–2012		20
5 December 2008	Kartika Airlines	2011–2014		30	0
15 June 2009	Malev Hungarian Airlines	TBD		30
17 June 2009	Gazprom	TBD		10	0
21 August 2009	Yakutia Airlines	2011		2	0
21 July 2010	Orient Thai Airlines	2011-2014		12	12
21 July 2010	Рearl Aircraft Corporation	TBD		30	15
Totals:			264

Timeline

• August 2005 at MAKS-2005 – Finance Leasing Company and Sukhoi Civil Aircraft sign a sales contract for 10 aircraft of the new RRJ family for $262 million.^[29][30]

• December 2005 – Aeroflot signs the contract for the delivery of 30 Sukhoi Superjet 100s, thus becoming the program's launch customer. The total deal is valued at approximately $820 million.^[31]

• December 2006 – Sukhoi Civil Aircraft wins a $170 million order from Dalavia Far East Airways.^[32]

• May 2007 – Aeroflot and Sukhoi Civil Aircraft Company announces the signature of the Letter of Intent to purchase 15 aircraft of Sukhoi Superjet 100 family. Earlier, Aeroflot had already signed the contract for delivery of 30 SSJ-100s. According to the letter, the airline will purchase fifteen SSJ100/95s in basic configuration with deliveries to start in May 2011. The airline also holds an option for another 5 aircraft of the family. The deal amounts at over $400 million.^[33]

• September 2007 – Armavia signs a multimillion-dollar agreement to buy four SSJ-100 planes for regional flights.^[34]

• July 2008 – Avia Leasing acquires 24 Sukhoi Superjet 100 aircraft in basic configuration with an option for 16 additional aircraft on the second day of the 2008 Farnborough Airshow. The order has a total value of over $630 million.^[35] Order firmed at Paris Airshow 16 June 2009

• July 2008 – SuperJet International announces an order by an undisclosed renowned European customer for a fleet of 20 new Sukhoi Superjet 100 aircraft valued at approximately $600 million.^[36]

• December 5, 2008, Jakarta – Sukhoi Civil Aircraft Company and Kartika Airlines sign the Heads of Agreement for 15 Sukhoi Superjet 100s and another 15 optional aircraft. The order is valued at $448 million. Kartika Airlines is the first SSJ100 customer in Southeast Asia.^[37]

• June 15, 2009, Paris Airshow – Malev Hungarian Airlines places an order for 15 Superjet 100–95 aircraft and 15 options.^[38]

• June 17, 2009, Paris Airshow – Gazprom orders 10 Superjet 100 aircraft.^[39]

• August 21, 2009 – Yakutia Airlines orders 2 Superjet 100 aircraft. ^[40]

• February 2010 – Deputy Transportation Minister Valery Okulov indicates that first deliveries will not start until the end of 2010.^[41]

• June 23, 2010 – EASA (European Air Safety Agency) ^[42] gives certification for the Superjet Engine SaM146 ^[43]

• July 19, 2010 – Sukhoi Civil Aircraft and Indonesia's regional carrier Kartika Airlines sign $951 mln deal on 30 SSJ100s ^[44]

• July 20, 2010 – Orient Thai Airlines to buy at least 12 Superjet 100s from Sukhoi ^[45]

• July 21, 2010 – SuperJet International scores order for 30 Superjets, 15 options ^[46]
• September 1, 2010 - Aeroflot announced that as part of its plan to order additional domestic aircraft it planned to purchase an additional 10 aircraft in addition to its 30 prior orders.^[47]

Specifications

Sources: Sukhoi Civil Aircraft Company,^[48] Superjet International,^[49][50] PowerJet.^[51]

See also

Comparable aircraft

• ACAC ARJ21
• Antonov An-148
• Bombardier CRJ700/900/1000
• Embraer E-Jets
• Mitsubishi MRJ 70/MRJ 90
• Tupolev Tu-334
  

Related lists

• List of airliners
  

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links

• Sukhoi Superjet Official Website
• Sukhoi Superjet 100 unveils Pininfarina interior
• Sukhoi Company
• "The ceremony of unveiling the Sukhoi Superjet 100" video report from Russia Today
• Superjet 100 at United Aircraft Corporation Website
• Superjet to be tested for strength – RIA Novosti
• Russia's New Airliner Readies for Takeoff by Jason Bush, Business Week, 26 September 2007
• Photo of SSJ's first flight to civil airport
• Photo

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=06ol---b2Gk